Fuenaoe



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. s. HAZELTON.

SMOKE PREVENTING FURNACE.

Patented Oct. 22, 1896.

A TTOHNE YS.

W/ TNESSES.

UNITE TATENT Brice.

SMOKE-PREVENTING FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 548,253, dated October 22, 1895. Application filed August 26, 1895. $6ria1No.560,570. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM STYLES HAZEL- TON, metallurgist, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at No. 13 Scott Street, St. Kilda, near Melbourne, in the British 001- ony of Victoria, have invented an Improved Method of and Fire-Box for Consuming Fuel so as to Prevent the Forming of Smoke, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has been devised in order to provide a more economical and efficient method of and fire-box for consuming fuel in furnaces and other fireplaces-such as for generating steam, cooking, ore-roasting, or any other metallurgical operation-its main object being to insure perfect combustion of the fuel without the generation of smoke and to provide for an automatic supply of fuel to the fire. Hitherto it has been usual to charge the fire-box with a sufliciency of coal or other fuel to last for a certain time and to ignite such fuel at the bottom and to allow the flame and products of combustion to pass up through the body of fuel and finally to escape into the atmosphere.

Now, according to my invention I provide a comparatively high column of fuel in a firebox and consume only the lower portion or bottom layer by admitting air to one side of said fire-box near the fire-bars and by providing an exit for the products of combustion on the opposite side of said fire-box, both the inlet and the outlet being arranged close to the fire-bars, so that the air admitted to support combustion will only come in contact with the bottom layer of the fuel, which will thus be the only part in a state of incandescence, instead of, as in the ordinary arrangement, nearly the whole of the fuel being incandescent and the draft proceeding from the bottom upward.

My invention also comprises certain improvements in the construction of the fire-box, whereby hot air or a mixture of hot air and steam can be supplied to the burning fuel,

Figure 1 represents a perspective viewof a firebox constructed according to this invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the hot-air-generating chamber and hollow fire-bars which I arrange inside the fire-box, as and for the purposes hereinafter described. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on line 4 4., Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a similar view to Fig. 1, except that it shows a fire-box constructed with the whole of my improvements. Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section on line 6 6, Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-section on line 7 7, Fig. 6. Fig.8 is a plan of the hot-air-generating chamber and hollow fire-bars.

The same letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding parts in all the figures.

For the sake of clearness I will first describe my invention by reference to the first fourfigures only, because they show my in vention in its simplest form without some of the improvements that I have devised, and can therefore be more readily understood.

The other improvements included in Figs. 5

Figs. 1 to 4 is included, also, in the subsequent figures with other additional improvements.

A represents the casing of a fire-box, which for the purposespf my invention is made comparatively high and narrow and is adapted to be completely closed in at top and bottom, as shown, a feed-door B being provided in its upper portion to enable the box to be charged with fuel and an ash-pit door 0 being provided at its lower end in the ash-pit below the fire-bars D,while another door E is provided opposite said fire-bars and is provided with a slide F to regulate the admission of air to the burning fuel.

G represents a hollow flue, passage, or chamber, which is constructed around the fire-box at about the level of the fire-bars, and is used for heating the air before it is supplied to the burning fuel. This hot-air-generating chamber opens to the atmosphere through the slide F, and it is formed with a long slot or opening g, extending nearly the full length of the fire-box along one side, so that the air which is passed through it will be discharged into the fuel about on a line with the fire-bars B,

to to prevent the air passingdirect to the inlet g.

H represents the outlet-opening, which is, according to my invention, formed in the firebox A, opposite the inlet g, and also comparatively close to the fire-bars D,so that the supply of air for supporting combustion will pass almost in a straight line across the bottom of the mass of fuel with which the box A is charged, and thus the bottom layer only of such fuel will be kept incandescent, said outlet being made to extend from front to back of the tire-box and of about the same length as the fire-bars. By this means the smoke is drawn downward and consumed.

it represents an inclined bar or plate which is fitted over the outlet II to prevent the fuel as it passes downward from dropping through said outlet, and at the same time form a choke to regulate the supply of fuel to the burning layer.

I will now proceed to describe some further improvements by reference to Figs. 5 to 8, said improvements being in the construction of the hollow fire-bars D, and means for generating steam therein to be supplied with hot air to the fire, and in the addition of what I I term a caloric-chamber to the fire-box, together with a few minorimprovements in the construction of some of the details of my invention. I represents said caloric'chamber, which is provided at the side of the fire-box A in which the outlet His formed. It may extend from top to bottom of the box, as shown, or, if preferred, need only extend down to the bottom of said outlet, and it can be fitted with liners or movable fire-plates 2', supported in suitable brackets 'i' in said caloric-chamber. If preferred, this latter instead of being constructed as shown, might, and in many instances would, conveniently consist merely of a space left between the fire-box and the wall of an oven or roasting-fa rnace, end of a boiler, or other article to which the fire-box is to be applied. I represents a hinged door or damper adapted to open or close the upper end of 5 5 either the fire-box A or the caloric-chamber I.

This enables the fire-box to be used in the ordinary way-that is, with the flames passing up through it, if required, as would sometimes be the case where it was required to open the fire-door E in order to attend to the fire-bars H is preferably made removable and may be supported upon brackets h at each end of the box, as illustrated in Fig. 7.

In order that steam may be supplied to the burning fuel, together with the hot air, I provide means. whereby a small quantity of water may be fed into the hollow fire-bars D. For this purpose I form or provide a narrow water-supply tank K in one or more of the sides of the fire-box A, a small or removable plate or cover being provided, so that it may be conveniently filled. A tap 70 in the lower end of this tank enables the water to be fed down a pipe k into atrough 70 passing along across the front of the hollow fire-bars D and provided with small notches or openings 70 opposite each of said bars, so that the water can pass into them. To prevent said bars from being cracked by the contact of the cold water While in a heated condition, I form them with an inner lining d, which can readily be renewed when worn out or destroyed.

It will be readily understood that the steam generated in the hollow bars D will pass with the air traveling through them into the back of the hot-air-generating chamber G, where it will meet the air which has passed around the right-hand side of said chamber, and will finally be discharged, together with such air, through the inlet 9 into the burning fuel. If preferred, the steam might be fed direct into the fire-bars from a boiler or other convenient source, as will be readily understood. \Vith this method of consuming fuel at the bottom only in a fire-box constructed as above described an intense heat can be obtained without the production of smoke, thus making it eminently suitable for calcining or other furnaces used in metallurgical operations, although even in its simpler form it possesses many advantages for cooking or other domestic purposes.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is-- 1. A fire box for consuming fuel having grate bars, an air passage closed to the fire box along one side and the rear of said box and an air passage on the opposite side with an opening therein to the fire box just above the grate, and a passage 11 above the grate bars in the side of the box opposite the opening g, substantially as described.

2. In a fire box a hot air generating chamber (such as G) extending around said box and fitted with hollow fire bars passing from front to rear of said box and having a slot or opening (such as 9) extending nearly the whole length of the tire box along one of its sides, a baffle plate (such as g) being fitted across the slotted side so as to cause the air to pass both around said chamber and through said hollow bars substantially as specified and as illustrated in the accompanying drawlugs.

3. In a fire box hollow fire bars fitted with removable liners (such as d) substantially as and for the purposes specified and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

4. In a fire box the combination of a tank (such as K) in the side thereof together with a trough (such as is) extending across the front of hollow fire bars (such as D) substantially as specified and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

WILLIAM STYLES HAZELTON. Witnesses:

EDWARD WATERS, EDWIN WILSON. 

